The concept of
pneumatic transmission
It is a fluid transmission that uses compressed gas as the working medium and transmits power or information by the pressure of the gas. The power transmission system is to deliver the compressed gas to the pneumatic actuator through pipelines and control valves, and convert the pressure energy of the compressed gas into mechanical energy to perform work; the information transmission system uses pneumatic logic elements or jet elements to realize functions such as logic operations. , also known as pneumatic control system. The characteristics of pneumatic transmission are: low working pressure, generally 0.3 to 0.8 MPa, low gas viscosity, small pipeline resistance loss, convenient for centralized gas supply and medium-distance transportation, safe use, no explosion and electric shock danger, and overload protection capability; However, the
pneumatic transmission speed is low, and an air source is required.
In 1829, the multi-stage air compressor appeared, which created the conditions for the development of
pneumatic transmission.
In 1871 air picks began to be used for mining.
In 1868, American G. Westinghouse invented the pneumatic braking device, and in 1872 it was used for the braking of railway vehicles.
Later, with the development of weapons, machinery, chemical industry and other industries, pneumatic tools and control systems have been widely used.
Low-pressure pneumatic regulators appeared in 1930. In the 1950s, a high-pressure pneumatic servo mechanism for missile tail control was successfully developed. In the 1960s, jets and pneumatic logic components were invented, which led to a great development of
pneumatic transmission.
Pneumatic transmission consists of air source, pneumatic actuator, pneumatic control valve and pneumatic accessories. The gas source is generally provided by a compressor. Pneumatic actuators convert the pressure energy of compressed gas into mechanical energy to drive working parts, including cylinders and air motors. Pneumatic control valves are used to adjust the direction, pressure and flow of air flow, and are correspondingly divided into directional control valves, pressure control valves and flow control valves. Pneumatic accessories include: water separation filter for air purification, lubricator for improving air lubricating performance, muffler for eliminating noise, pipe joints, etc. In the
pneumatic transmission, there are also pneumatic sensors used to feel and transmit various information.
